Gharbzadeghi is an Iranian word that translates literally as "Weststruckness." More accurately, it translates as "Westamination" (West + Contamination) and "Westoxication" (West + Intoxication). Garbzadeghi refers to the impact Western culture has had on the Middle East, an impact that is both contamination (to make unfit for use by the introduction of unwholesome or undesirable elements) and intoxication (to excite to the point where physical and mental control is markedly diminished). Coined by the Iranian writer Ahmad Fardid, but popularized by Jalal al-e Ahmad in his work Gharbzadeghi, Gharbzadeghi is the internal and external struggle between the cultures and ideas of the Middle East and the West, between the traditional and the modern, between Islam (Dar al-Islam, the house of submission) and non-Islam (Dar al-Harb, the house of war), and between the Middle East and itself.